THP-1 cells were differentiated into macrophage-like cells (THP-1 macrophages) by incubation in the presence of PMA, which leads to a macrophage-like phenotype characterized by changes in morphology and increased cell surface expression of CD11 and CD14 [10,11,14,17,21].
How does PMA induce macrophage differentiation?
Macrophage differentiation induced by PMA is mediated by activation of RhoA/ROCK signaling. J Toxicol Sci. 2017;42(6):763-771.
Do monocytes differentiate into macrophages?
Monocytes can differentiate into inflammatory or anti-inflammatory subsets. Upon tissue damage or infection, monocytes are rapidly recruited to the tissue, where they can differentiate into tissue macrophages or dendritic cells.
Are monocytes terminally differentiated?
Monocytes are the third subgroup of mononuclear phagocyte system and can be found in the peripheral circulation. Historically, it was postulated that monocytes act as a bridge, linking mononuclear phagocyte precursors in the BM with terminally differentiated tissue-resident mononuclear phagocytes.
What are THP 1 macrophages?
THP-1 cells can be differentiated into macrophage-like cells that resemble properties of mature macrophages by activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), ultimately resulting in cells with increased adherence and loss of proliferative activity (Schwende et al., 1996).
What is PMA stimulation?
PMA activates protein kinase C, while ionomycin is a calcium ionophore, and stimulation with these compounds bypasses the T cell membrane receptor complex and will lead to activation of several intracellular signaling pathways, resulting in T cell activation and production of a variety of cytokines.
Do THP-1 cells increase TNF-α production Upon LPS co-stimulation?
THP-1 cells increase TNF-α production upon LPS + soluble human IgG co-stimulation supporting evidence for TLR4 and Fcγ receptors crosstalk – ScienceDirect JavaScript is disabled on your browser. Please enable JavaScript to use all the features on this page.
How do you increase TNF-α production?
Aggregated IgG crosstalk with LPS and other TLR ligands to change cytokine production. Soluble IgG (sIgG) + LPS increase TNF-α production in monocytes and THP-1 cells altering NF-κB pathway.
What is the state of differentiation of THP-1 cells induced by phorbol ester?
Differences in the state of differentiation of THP-1 cells induced by phorbol ester and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 Human THP-1 leukemia cells differentiate along the monocytic lineage following exposure to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3).
What is the difference between THP-1 and VD3 cells?
In the monocytic cell line THP-1, PMA treatment resulted in a more differentiated phenotype than VD3, according to adherence, loss of pr … Differences in the state of differentiation of THP-1 cells induced by phorbol ester and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
